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  1. <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
  2. <html lang="en">
  3. <!-- $Id: cover.html,v 1.2 2014-02-13 18:15:44 gerald Exp $ -->
  4. <head>
  5. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
  6. <title>HTML 4.01 Specification</title>
  7. <!-- Changed by: Ian B. Jacobs, 6-Dec-1998 -->
  8. <link rel="next" href="about.html">
  9. <link rel="contents" href="cover.html#minitoc">
  10. <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href=
  11. "http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-PR">
  12. <link rel="STYLESHEET" href="style/default.css" type="text/css">
  13. </head>
  14. <body>
  15. <div class="navbar" align="center">&nbsp;<a href="about.html">next</a> &nbsp;
  16. <a href="#minitoc">table of contents</a> &nbsp; <a href="index/elements.html">
  17. elements</a> &nbsp; <a href="index/attributes.html">attributes</a> &nbsp; <a
  18. href="index/list.html">index</a>
  19. <hr>
  20. </div>
  21. <div class="head">
  22. <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img height="48" width="72" alt="W3C" src=
  23. "http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home"></a></p>
  24. <h1>HTML 4.01 Specification</h1>
  25. <h2>W3C Proposed Recommendation</h2>
  26. <dl>
  27. <dt>This version:</dt>
  28. <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/PR-html40-19990824">
  29. http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/PR-html40-19990824</a></dd>
  30. <dd>(<a href="html40.txt">plain text [786Kb]</a>, <a href="html40.tgz">gzip'ed
  31. tar archive of HTML files [367Kb]</a>, <a href="html40.zip">a .zip archive of
  32. HTML files [400Kb]</a>, <a href="html40.ps.gz">gzip'ed Postscript file [740Kb,
  33. 387 pages]</a>, <a href="html40.pdf">a PDF file [3Mb]</a>)</dd>
  34. <dt>Latest version:</dt>
  35. <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html40">http://www.w3.org/TR/html40</a></dd>
  36. <dt>Previous version:</dt>
  37. <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-html40-19980424">
  38. http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-html40-19980424</a></dd>
  39. <dt>Editors:</dt>
  40. <dd><a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Raggett">Dave Raggett</a> &lt;<a href=
  41. "mailto:dsr@w3.org">dsr@w3.org</a>&gt;<br>
  42. <a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Arnaud">Arnaud Le Hors</a> &lt;<a href=
  43. "mailto:lehors@w3.org">lehors@w3.org</a>&gt;<br>
  44. <a href="http://www.w3.org/People/Jacobs">Ian Jacobs</a> &lt;<a href=
  45. "mailto:ij@w3.org">ij@w3.org</a>&gt;</dd>
  46. </dl>
  47. <p class="copyright"><a href=
  48. "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright"><br>
  49. Copyright</a> &copy; 1997-1999 <a href="http://www.w3.org/">
  50. W3C</a><sup>&reg;</sup> (<a href="http://www.lcs.mit.edu/">MIT</a>, <a href=
  51. "http://www.inria.fr/">INRIA</a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>),
  52. All Rights Reserved. W3C <a href=
  53. "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>,
  54. <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">
  55. trademark</a>, <a href=
  56. "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> and
  57. <a href="http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-software">software
  58. licensing</a> rules apply.</p>
  59. </div>
  60. <hr title="Separator from Header">
  61. <h2>Abstract</h2>
  62. <p>This specification defines the HyperText Markup Language (HTML), version 4.0
  63. (subversion 4.01), the publishing language of the World Wide Web. In addition
  64. to the text, multimedia, and hyperlink features of the previous versions of
  65. HTML, HTML 4.01 supports more multimedia options, scripting languages, style
  66. sheets, better printing facilities, and documents that are more accessible to
  67. users with disabilities. HTML 4.01 also takes great strides towards the
  68. internationalization of documents, with the goal of making the Web truly World
  69. Wide.</p>
  70. <p>HTML 4.01 is an SGML application conforming to International Standard ISO
  71. 8879 -- Standard Generalized Markup Language <a rel="biblioentry" href=
  72. "./references.html#ref-ISO8879" class="normref">[ISO8879]</a>.</p>
  73. <h2>Status of this document</h2>
  74. <p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its
  75. publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of
  76. this document series is maintained at the W3C.</em></p>
  77. <p>This document is a revised version of the 4.0 Recommendation first released
  78. on 18 December 1997 and then revised 24 April 1998 <a href=
  79. "appendix/changes.html#19990824">Changes since the 24 April version</a> are not
  80. just editorial in nature. There have been some changes to the DTDs, for
  81. example.</p>
  82. <p>On 24 August 1999, this document enters a <a href=
  83. "http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Process/#RecsPR">Proposed Recommendation</a>
  84. review period. From that date until 22 September 1999, W3C Advisory Committee
  85. representatives are encouraged to review this specification and return comments
  86. in their completed ballots to w3c-html-review@w3.org. Please send any comments
  87. of a confidential nature in separate email to w3t-html@w3.org, which is visible
  88. to the Team only.</p>
  89. <p>No sooner than 14 days after the end of the review period, the Director will
  90. announce the document's disposition: it may become a W3C Recommendation
  91. (possibly with minor changes), it may revert to Working Draft status, or it may
  92. be dropped as a W3C work item.</p>
  93. <p>Publication as a Proposed Recommendation does not imply endorsement by the
  94. W3C membership. This is still a draft document and may be updated, replaced or
  95. obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite W3C
  96. Proposed Recommendation as other than "work in progress."</p>
  97. <p>W3C recommends that user agents and authors (and in particular, authoring
  98. tools) produce HTML 4.01 documents rather than HTML 3.2 documents (see <a rel=
  99. "biblioentry" href="./references.html#ref-HTML32" class="informref">
  100. [HTML32]</a>). For reasons of backwards compatibility, W3C also recommends that
  101. tools interpreting HTML 4.01 continue to support HTML 3.2 and HTML 2.0 as
  102. well.</p>
  103. <p>This document has been produced as part of the <a href=
  104. "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/">W3C HTML Activity</a>. The goals of the <a href=
  105. "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/Group/">HTML Working Group</a> <i>(<a href=
  106. "http://cgi.w3.org/MemberAccess/">members only</a>)</i> are discussed in the <a
  107. href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/Group/HTMLcharter">HTML Working Group
  108. charter</a> <i>(<a href="http://cgi.w3.org/MemberAccess/">members
  109. only</a>)</i>.</p>
  110. <p>A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents can be
  111. found at <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR">http://www.w3.org/TR</a>.</p>
  112. <p>Public discussion on HTML features takes place on <a href=
  113. "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/Forums#www-html">www-html@w3.org</a>. <!--
  114. <h3>Available languages</h3>
  115. <P>The English version of this specification is the only normative
  116. version. However, for translations of this document, see <a
  117. href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/html40-updates/translations">http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/html40-updates/translations</a>.</p>
  118. <h3>Errata</h3>
  119. <dl>
  120. <dt>The list of known errors in this specification is available at:
  121. <dd><a
  122. href="http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/html40-updates/PR-html40-19990824-errata">http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/html40-updates/PR-html40-19990824-errata</a>
  123. </dl>
  124. --></p>
  125. <p>Please report errors in this document to <a href=
  126. "mailto:www-html-editor@w3.org">www-html-editor@w3.org</a>.</p>
  127. <!--NewPage--><!-- this is for html2ps -->
  128. <div class="toc">
  129. <h2><a name="minitoc">Quick Table of Contents</a></h2>
  130. <ol>
  131. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html" rel="chapter">About the HTML 4.01
  132. Specification</a></li>
  133. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html" rel="chapter">Introduction to
  134. HTML 4.01</a></li>
  135. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html" rel="chapter">On SGML and
  136. HTML</a></li>
  137. <li><a class="tocxref" href="conform.html" rel="chapter">Conformance:
  138. requirements and recommendations</a></li>
  139. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html" rel="chapter">HTML Document
  140. Representation</a> <em>- Character sets, character encodings, and
  141. entities</em></li>
  142. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html" rel="chapter">Basic HTML data
  143. types</a> <em>- Character data, colors, lengths, URIs, content types,
  144. etc.</em></li>
  145. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html" rel="chapter">The global
  146. structure of an HTML document</a> <em>- The HEAD and BODY of a
  147. document</em></li>
  148. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html" rel="chapter">Language
  149. information and text direction</a> <em>- International considerations for
  150. text</em></li>
  151. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html" rel="chapter">Text</a> <em>-
  152. Paragraphs, Lines, and Phrases</em></li>
  153. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/lists.html" rel="chapter">Lists</a> <em>-
  154. Unordered, Ordered, and Definition Lists</em></li>
  155. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html" rel="chapter">Tables</a></li>
  156. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html" rel="chapter">Links</a> <em>-
  157. Hypertext and Media-Independent Links</em></li>
  158. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html" rel="chapter">Objects,
  159. Images, and Applets</a></li>
  160. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html" rel="chapter">Style
  161. Sheets</a> <em>- Adding style to HTML documents</em></li>
  162. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html" rel="chapter">Alignment,
  163. font styles, and horizontal rules</a></li>
  164. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html" rel="chapter">Frames</a> <em>
  165. - Multi-view presentation of documents</em></li>
  166. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html" rel="chapter">Forms</a> <em>-
  167. User-input Forms: Text Fields, Buttons, Menus, and more</em></li>
  168. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html" rel="chapter">Scripts</a>
  169. <em>- Animated Documents and Smart Forms</em></li>
  170. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/intro.html" rel="chapter">SGML reference
  171. information for HTML</a> <em>- Formal definition of HTML and
  172. validation</em></li>
  173. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/sgmldecl.html" rel="chapter"><span class=
  174. "index-def" title="SGML::declaration of HTML 4.01">SGML Declaration of HTML
  175. 4.01</span></a></li>
  176. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/dtd.html" rel="chapter"><span class=
  177. "index-def" title="strict DTD::definition of|document type definition::strict">
  178. Document Type Definition</span></a></li>
  179. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/loosedtd.html" rel="chapter"><span class=
  180. "index-def" title=
  181. "transitional DTD::definition of|document type definition::transitional">
  182. Transitional Document Type Definition</span></a></li>
  183. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/framesetdtd.html" rel="chapter"><span class=
  184. "index-def" title=
  185. "frameset::DTD, definition of|document type definition::frameset">Frameset
  186. Document Type Definition</span></a></li>
  187. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html" rel="chapter">Character entity
  188. references in HTML 4.01</a></li>
  189. </ol>
  190. <ol type="A">
  191. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html" rel="chapter">
  192. Changes</a></li>
  193. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html" rel="chapter">Performance,
  194. Implementation, and Design Notes</a></li>
  195. </ol>
  196. <ul class="toc">
  197. <li><a class="tocxref" href="references.html" rel="chapter">References</a></li>
  198. <li><a class="tocxref" href="index/elements.html" rel="chapter">Index of
  199. Elements</a></li>
  200. <li><a class="tocxref" href="index/attributes.html" rel="chapter">Index of
  201. Attributes</a></li>
  202. <li><a class="tocxref" href="index/list.html" rel="chapter">Index</a></li>
  203. </ul>
  204. </div>
  205. <!--NewPage--><!-- this is for html2ps -->
  206. <h2><a name="toc">Full Table of Contents</a></h2>
  207. <ol>
  208. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html" rel="chapter">About the HTML 4.01
  209. Specification</a>
  210. <ol>
  211. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html#h-1.1">How the specification is
  212. organized</a></li>
  213. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html#h-1.2">Document conventions</a>
  214. <ol>
  215. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html#h-1.2.1">Elements and
  216. attributes</a></li>
  217. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html#h-1.2.2">Notes and examples</a></li>
  218. </ol>
  219. </li>
  220. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html#h-1.3">Acknowledgments</a>
  221. <ol>
  222. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html#h-1.3.1">Acknowledgments for the
  223. current revision</a></li>
  224. </ol>
  225. </li>
  226. <li><a class="tocxref" href="about.html#h-1.4">Copyright Notice</a></li>
  227. </ol>
  228. </li>
  229. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html" rel="chapter">Introduction to
  230. HTML 4.01</a>
  231. <ol>
  232. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.1">What is the World Wide
  233. Web?</a>
  234. <ol>
  235. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.1.1">Introduction to
  236. URIs</a></li>
  237. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.1.2">Fragment
  238. identifiers</a></li>
  239. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.1.3">Relative URIs</a></li>
  240. </ol>
  241. </li>
  242. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.2">What is HTML?</a>
  243. <ol>
  244. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.2.1">A brief history of
  245. HTML</a></li>
  246. </ol>
  247. </li>
  248. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.3">HTML 4.0</a>
  249. <ol>
  250. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.3.1">
  251. Internationalization</a></li>
  252. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.3.2">Accessibility</a></li>
  253. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.3.3">Tables</a></li>
  254. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.3.4">Compound
  255. documents</a></li>
  256. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.3.5">Style sheets</a></li>
  257. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.3.6">Scripting</a></li>
  258. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.3.7">Printing</a></li>
  259. </ol>
  260. </li>
  261. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.4">Authoring documents with
  262. HTML 4.01</a>
  263. <ol>
  264. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.4.1">Separate structure and
  265. presentation</a></li>
  266. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.4.2">Consider universal
  267. accessibility to the Web</a></li>
  268. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/intro.html#h-2.4.3">Help user agents with
  269. incremental rendering</a></li>
  270. </ol>
  271. </li>
  272. </ol>
  273. </li>
  274. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html" rel="chapter">On SGML and
  275. HTML</a>
  276. <ol>
  277. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.1">Introduction to
  278. SGML</a></li>
  279. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.2">SGML constructs used in
  280. HTML</a>
  281. <ol>
  282. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.2.1">Elements</a></li>
  283. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.2.2">Attributes</a></li>
  284. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.2.3">Character
  285. references</a></li>
  286. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.2.4">Comments</a></li>
  287. </ol>
  288. </li>
  289. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.3">How to read the HTML
  290. DTD</a>
  291. <ol>
  292. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.3.1">DTD Comments</a></li>
  293. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.3.2">Parameter entity
  294. definitions</a></li>
  295. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.3.3">Element
  296. declarations</a>
  297. <ul>
  298. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.3.3.1">Content model
  299. definitions</a></li>
  300. </ul>
  301. </li>
  302. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.3.4">Attribute
  303. declarations</a>
  304. <ul>
  305. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.3.4.1">DTD entities in
  306. attribute definitions</a></li>
  307. <li><a class="tocxref" href="intro/sgmltut.html#h-3.3.4.2"><span class=
  308. "index-def" title="boolean attribute|attribute::boolean">Boolean
  309. attributes</span></a></li>
  310. </ul>
  311. </li>
  312. </ol>
  313. </li>
  314. </ol>
  315. </li>
  316. <li><a class="tocxref" href="conform.html" rel="chapter">Conformance:
  317. requirements and recommendations</a>
  318. <ol>
  319. <li><a class="tocxref" href="conform.html#h-4.1">Definitions</a></li>
  320. <li><a class="tocxref" href="conform.html#h-4.2">SGML</a></li>
  321. <li><a class="tocxref" href="conform.html#h-4.3"><span class="index-def" title=
  322. "text/html">The text/html content type</span></a></li>
  323. </ol>
  324. </li>
  325. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html" rel="chapter">HTML Document
  326. Representation</a> <em>- Character sets, character encodings, and entities</em>
  327. <ol>
  328. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.1">The Document Character
  329. Set</a></li>
  330. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.2">Character encodings</a>
  331. <ol>
  332. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.2.1">Choosing an encoding</a>
  333. <ul>
  334. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.2.1.1">Notes on specific
  335. encodings</a></li>
  336. </ul>
  337. </li>
  338. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.2.2">Specifying the character
  339. encoding</a></li>
  340. </ol>
  341. </li>
  342. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.3">Character references</a>
  343. <ol>
  344. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.3.1">Numeric character
  345. references</a></li>
  346. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.3.2">Character entity
  347. references</a></li>
  348. </ol>
  349. </li>
  350. <li><a class="tocxref" href="charset.html#h-5.4">Undisplayable
  351. characters</a></li>
  352. </ol>
  353. </li>
  354. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html" rel="chapter">Basic HTML data
  355. types</a> <em>- Character data, colors, lengths, URIs, content types, etc.</em>
  356. <ol>
  357. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.1">Case information</a></li>
  358. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.2">SGML basic types</a></li>
  359. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.3">Text strings</a></li>
  360. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.4">URIs</a></li>
  361. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.5">Colors</a>
  362. <ol>
  363. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.5.1">Notes on using colors</a></li>
  364. </ol>
  365. </li>
  366. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.6">Lengths</a></li>
  367. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.7">Content types (MIME
  368. types)</a></li>
  369. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.8">Language codes</a></li>
  370. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.9">Character encodings</a></li>
  371. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.10">Single characters</a></li>
  372. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.11">Dates and times</a></li>
  373. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.12">Link types</a></li>
  374. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.13">Media descriptors</a></li>
  375. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.14">Script data</a></li>
  376. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.15">Style sheet data</a></li>
  377. <li><a class="tocxref" href="types.html#h-6.16">Frame target names</a></li>
  378. </ol>
  379. </li>
  380. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html" rel="chapter">The global
  381. structure of an HTML document</a> <em>- The HEAD and BODY of a document</em>
  382. <ol>
  383. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.1">Introduction to the
  384. structure of an HTML document</a></li>
  385. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.2">HTML version
  386. information</a></li>
  387. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.3">The <samp class=
  388. "einst2">HTML</samp> element</a></li>
  389. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.4">The document head</a>
  390. <ol>
  391. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.4.1">The <samp class=
  392. "einst2">HEAD</samp> element</a></li>
  393. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.4.2">The <samp class=
  394. "einst2">TITLE</samp> element</a></li>
  395. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.4.3">The <samp>title</samp>
  396. attribute</a></li>
  397. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.4.4">Meta data</a>
  398. <ul>
  399. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.4.4.1">Specifying meta
  400. data</a></li>
  401. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.4.4.2">The <samp class=
  402. "einst2">META</samp> element</a></li>
  403. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.4.4.3">Meta data
  404. profiles</a></li>
  405. </ul>
  406. </li>
  407. </ol>
  408. </li>
  409. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.5">The document body</a>
  410. <ol>
  411. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.5.1">The <samp class=
  412. "einst2">BODY</samp> element</a></li>
  413. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.5.2">Element identifiers:
  414. the <samp>id</samp> and <samp>class</samp> attributes</a></li>
  415. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.5.3">Block-level and inline
  416. elements</a></li>
  417. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.5.4">Grouping elements: the
  418. <samp class="einst2">DIV</samp> and <samp class="einst2">SPAN</samp>
  419. elements</a></li>
  420. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.5.5">Headings: The <samp
  421. class="einst2">H1</samp>, <samp class="einst2">H2</samp>, <samp class="einst2">
  422. H3</samp>, <samp class="einst2">H4</samp>, <samp class="einst2">H5</samp>,
  423. <samp class="einst2">H6</samp> elements</a></li>
  424. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/global.html#h-7.5.6">The <samp class=
  425. "einst2">ADDRESS</samp> element</a></li>
  426. </ol>
  427. </li>
  428. </ol>
  429. </li>
  430. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html" rel="chapter">Language
  431. information and text direction</a> <em>- International considerations for
  432. text</em>
  433. <ol>
  434. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.1">Specifying the language
  435. of content: the <samp>lang</samp> attribute</a>
  436. <ol>
  437. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.1.1"><span class=
  438. "index-def" title="language::codes to specify">Language codes</span></a></li>
  439. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.1.2">Inheritance of
  440. language codes</a></li>
  441. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.1.3">Interpretation of
  442. language codes</a></li>
  443. </ol>
  444. </li>
  445. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.2">Specifying the
  446. direction of text and tables: the <samp>dir</samp> attribute</a>
  447. <ol>
  448. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.2.1">Introduction to the
  449. bidirectional algorithm</a></li>
  450. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.2.2">Inheritance of text
  451. direction information</a></li>
  452. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.2.3">Setting the direction
  453. of embedded text</a></li>
  454. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.2.4">Overriding the
  455. bidirectional algorithm: the <samp class="einst2">BDO</samp> element</a></li>
  456. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.2.5">Character references
  457. for directionality and joining control</a></li>
  458. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/dirlang.html#h-8.2.6">The effect of style
  459. sheets on bidirectionality</a></li>
  460. </ol>
  461. </li>
  462. </ol>
  463. </li>
  464. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html" rel="chapter">Text</a> <em>-
  465. Paragraphs, Lines, and Phrases</em>
  466. <ol>
  467. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.1"><span class="index-def"
  468. title="white space">White space</span></a></li>
  469. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.2">Structured text</a>
  470. <ol>
  471. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.2.1">Phrase elements: <samp
  472. class="einst2">EM</samp>, <samp class="einst2">STRONG</samp>, <samp class=
  473. "einst2">DFN</samp>, <samp class="einst2">CODE</samp>, <samp class="einst2">
  474. SAMP</samp>, <samp class="einst2">KBD</samp>, <samp class="edef">VAR</samp>,
  475. <samp class="einst2">CITE</samp>, <samp class="einst2">ABBR</samp>, and <samp
  476. class="einst2">ACRONYM</samp></a></li>
  477. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.2.2">Quotations: The <samp
  478. class="einst2">BLOCKQUOTE</samp> and <samp class="einst2">Q</samp> elements</a>
  479. <ul>
  480. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.2.2.1">Rendering
  481. quotations</a></li>
  482. </ul>
  483. </li>
  484. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.2.3">Subscripts and
  485. superscripts: the <samp class="edef">SUB</samp> and <samp class="einst2">
  486. SUP</samp> elements</a></li>
  487. </ol>
  488. </li>
  489. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.3">Lines and Paragraphs</a>
  490. <ol>
  491. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.3.1">Paragraphs: the <samp
  492. class="einst2">P</samp> element</a></li>
  493. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.3.2">Controlling line
  494. breaks</a>
  495. <ul>
  496. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.3.2.1">Forcing a line break:
  497. the <samp class="einst2">BR</samp> element</a></li>
  498. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.3.2.2">Prohibiting a line
  499. break</a></li>
  500. </ul>
  501. </li>
  502. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.3.3">Hyphenation</a></li>
  503. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.3.4">Preformatted text: The
  504. <samp class="einst2">PRE</samp> element</a></li>
  505. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.3.5">Visual rendering of
  506. paragraphs</a></li>
  507. </ol>
  508. </li>
  509. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/text.html#h-9.4">Marking document changes:
  510. The INS and DEL elements</a></li>
  511. </ol>
  512. </li>
  513. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/lists.html" rel="chapter">Lists</a> <em>-
  514. Unordered, Ordered, and Definition Lists</em>
  515. <ol>
  516. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/lists.html#h-10.1">Introduction to
  517. lists</a></li>
  518. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/lists.html#h-10.2"><span class="index-def"
  519. title="list::unordered">Unordered lists</span> (<samp class=
  520. "einst2">UL</samp>), <span class="index-def" title="list::ordered">ordered
  521. lists</span> (<samp class="einst2">OL</samp>), and list items (<samp class=
  522. "einst2">LI</samp>)</a></li>
  523. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/lists.html#h-10.3"><span class="index-def"
  524. title="list::definition list">Definition lists</span>: the <samp class=
  525. "einst2">DL</samp>, <samp class="einst2">DT</samp>, and <samp class="einst2">
  526. DD</samp> elements</a>
  527. <ol>
  528. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/lists.html#h-10.3.1">Visual rendering of
  529. lists</a></li>
  530. </ol>
  531. </li>
  532. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/lists.html#h-10.4">The <samp class=
  533. "einst2">DIR</samp> and <samp class="einst2">MENU</samp> elements</a></li>
  534. </ol>
  535. </li>
  536. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html" rel="chapter">Tables</a>
  537. <ol>
  538. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.1">Introduction to
  539. tables</a></li>
  540. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2">Elements for
  541. constructing tables</a>
  542. <ol>
  543. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.1">The <samp class=
  544. "einst2">TABLE</samp> element</a>
  545. <ul>
  546. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.1.1">Table
  547. directionality</a></li>
  548. </ul>
  549. </li>
  550. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.2">Table Captions: The
  551. <samp class="einst2">CAPTION</samp> element</a></li>
  552. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.3">Row groups: the <samp
  553. class="einst2">THEAD</samp>, <samp class="einst2">TFOOT</samp>, and <samp
  554. class="einst2">TBODY</samp> elements</a></li>
  555. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.4">Column groups: the
  556. <samp class="einst2">COLGROUP</samp> and <samp class="einst2">COL</samp>
  557. elements</a>
  558. <ul>
  559. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.4.1">The <samp class=
  560. "einst2">COLGROUP</samp> element</a></li>
  561. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.4.2">The <samp class=
  562. "einst2">COL</samp> element</a></li>
  563. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.4.3">Calculating the
  564. number of columns in a table</a></li>
  565. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.4.4">Calculating the
  566. width of columns</a></li>
  567. </ul>
  568. </li>
  569. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.5">Table rows: The <samp
  570. class="einst2">TR</samp> element</a></li>
  571. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.6">Table cells: The
  572. <samp class="einst2">TH</samp> and <samp class="einst2">TD</samp> elements</a>
  573. <ul>
  574. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.2.6.1">Cells that span
  575. several rows or columns</a></li>
  576. </ul>
  577. </li>
  578. </ol>
  579. </li>
  580. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.3">Table formatting by
  581. visual user agents</a>
  582. <ol>
  583. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.3.1">Borders and
  584. rules</a></li>
  585. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.3.2">Horizontal and
  586. vertical alignment</a>
  587. <ul>
  588. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.3.2.1">Inheritance of
  589. alignment specifications</a></li>
  590. </ul>
  591. </li>
  592. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.3.3">Cell margins</a></li>
  593. </ol>
  594. </li>
  595. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.4">Table rendering by
  596. non-visual user agents</a>
  597. <ol>
  598. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.4.1">Associating header
  599. information with data cells</a></li>
  600. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.4.2">Categorizing
  601. cells</a></li>
  602. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.4.3">Algorithm to find
  603. heading information</a></li>
  604. </ol>
  605. </li>
  606. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/tables.html#h-11.5">Sample table</a></li>
  607. </ol>
  608. </li>
  609. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html" rel="chapter">Links</a> <em>-
  610. Hypertext and Media-Independent Links</em>
  611. <ol>
  612. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.1">Introduction to links
  613. and anchors</a>
  614. <ol>
  615. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.1.1">Visiting a linked
  616. resource</a></li>
  617. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.1.2">Other link
  618. relationships</a></li>
  619. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.1.3">Specifying anchors and
  620. links</a></li>
  621. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.1.4">Link titles</a></li>
  622. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.1.5">Internationalization
  623. and links</a></li>
  624. </ol>
  625. </li>
  626. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.2">The <samp class=
  627. "einst2">A</samp> element</a>
  628. <ol>
  629. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.2.1">Syntax of anchor
  630. names</a></li>
  631. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.2.2">Nested links are
  632. illegal</a></li>
  633. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.2.3">Anchors with the
  634. <samp>id</samp> attribute</a></li>
  635. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.2.4">Unavailable and
  636. unidentifiable resources</a></li>
  637. </ol>
  638. </li>
  639. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.3">Document relationships:
  640. the <samp class="einst2">LINK</samp> element</a>
  641. <ol>
  642. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.3.1">Forward and reverse
  643. links</a></li>
  644. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.3.2">Links and external
  645. style sheets</a></li>
  646. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.3.3">Links and search
  647. engines</a></li>
  648. </ol>
  649. </li>
  650. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.4">Path information: the
  651. <samp class="einst2">BASE</samp> element</a>
  652. <ol>
  653. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/links.html#h-12.4.1"><span class=
  654. "index-def" title="URI::resolution of relative|resolution of relative URI">
  655. Resolving relative URIs</span></a></li>
  656. </ol>
  657. </li>
  658. </ol>
  659. </li>
  660. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html" rel="chapter">Objects,
  661. Images, and Applets</a>
  662. <ol>
  663. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.1">Introduction to
  664. objects, images, and applets</a></li>
  665. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.2">Including an image:
  666. the <samp class="einst2">IMG</samp> element</a></li>
  667. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.3">Generic inclusion: the
  668. <samp class="einst2">OBJECT</samp> element</a>
  669. <ol>
  670. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.3.1">Rules for rendering
  671. objects</a></li>
  672. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.3.2">Object
  673. initialization: the <samp class="einst2">PARAM</samp> element</a></li>
  674. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.3.3">Global naming
  675. schemes for objects</a></li>
  676. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.3.4">Object declarations
  677. and instantiations</a></li>
  678. </ol>
  679. </li>
  680. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.4">Including an applet:
  681. the <samp class="einst2">APPLET</samp> element</a></li>
  682. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.5">Notes on embedded
  683. documents</a></li>
  684. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.6"><span class=
  685. "index-def" title="image map">Image maps</span></a>
  686. <ol>
  687. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.6.1">Client-side image
  688. maps: the <samp class="einst2">MAP</samp> and <samp class="einst2">AREA</samp>
  689. elements</a>
  690. <ul>
  691. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.6.1.1">Client-side image
  692. map examples</a></li>
  693. </ul>
  694. </li>
  695. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.6.2">Server-side image
  696. maps</a></li>
  697. </ol>
  698. </li>
  699. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.7">Visual presentation of
  700. images, objects, and applets</a>
  701. <ol>
  702. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.7.1">Width and
  703. height</a></li>
  704. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.7.2">White space around
  705. images and objects</a></li>
  706. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.7.3">Borders</a></li>
  707. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.7.4">Alignment</a></li>
  708. </ol>
  709. </li>
  710. <li><a class="tocxref" href="struct/objects.html#h-13.8">How to specify
  711. alternate text</a></li>
  712. </ol>
  713. </li>
  714. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html" rel="chapter">Style
  715. Sheets</a> <em>- Adding style to HTML documents</em>
  716. <ol>
  717. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.1">Introduction to style
  718. sheets</a></li>
  719. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.2">Adding style to
  720. HTML</a>
  721. <ol>
  722. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.2.1">Setting the default
  723. style sheet language</a></li>
  724. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.2.2">Inline style
  725. information</a></li>
  726. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.2.3">Header style
  727. information: the <samp class="einst2">STYLE</samp> element</a></li>
  728. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.2.4">Media types</a></li>
  729. </ol>
  730. </li>
  731. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.3">External style
  732. sheets</a>
  733. <ol>
  734. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.3.1">Preferred and
  735. alternate style sheets</a></li>
  736. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.3.2">Specifying external
  737. style sheets</a></li>
  738. </ol>
  739. </li>
  740. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.4">Cascading style
  741. sheets</a>
  742. <ol>
  743. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.4.1">Media-dependent
  744. cascades</a></li>
  745. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.4.2">Inheritance and
  746. cascading</a></li>
  747. </ol>
  748. </li>
  749. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.5">Hiding style data from
  750. user agents</a></li>
  751. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/styles.html#h-14.6">Linking to style
  752. sheets with HTTP headers</a></li>
  753. </ol>
  754. </li>
  755. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html" rel="chapter">Alignment,
  756. font styles, and horizontal rules</a>
  757. <ol>
  758. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.1">Formatting</a>
  759. <ol>
  760. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.1.1">Background
  761. color</a></li>
  762. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.1.2">Alignment</a></li>
  763. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.1.3">Floating
  764. objects</a>
  765. <ul>
  766. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.1.3.1">Float an
  767. object</a></li>
  768. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.1.3.2">Float text
  769. around an object</a></li>
  770. </ul>
  771. </li>
  772. </ol>
  773. </li>
  774. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.2">Fonts</a>
  775. <ol>
  776. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.2.1">Font style
  777. elements: the <samp class="einst2">TT</samp>, <samp class="einst2">I</samp>,
  778. <samp class="einst2-B">B</samp>, <samp class="einst2">BIG</samp>, <samp class=
  779. "einst2">SMALL</samp>, <samp class="einst2">STRIKE</samp>, <samp class=
  780. "einst2">S</samp>, and <samp class="einst2">U</samp> elements</a></li>
  781. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.2.2">Font modifier
  782. elements: <samp class="einst2">FONT</samp> and <samp class="einst2">
  783. BASEFONT</samp></a></li>
  784. </ol>
  785. </li>
  786. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/graphics.html#h-15.3">Rules: the <samp
  787. class="einst2">HR</samp> element</a></li>
  788. </ol>
  789. </li>
  790. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html" rel="chapter">Frames</a> <em>
  791. - Multi-view presentation of documents</em>
  792. <ol>
  793. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.1">Introduction to
  794. frames</a></li>
  795. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.2">Layout of frames</a>
  796. <ol>
  797. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.2.1">The <samp class=
  798. "einst2">FRAMESET</samp> element</a>
  799. <ul>
  800. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.2.1.1">Rows and
  801. columns</a></li>
  802. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.2.1.2">Nested frame
  803. sets</a></li>
  804. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.2.1.3">Sharing data among
  805. frames</a></li>
  806. </ul>
  807. </li>
  808. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.2.2">The <samp class=
  809. "einst2">FRAME</samp> element</a>
  810. <ul>
  811. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.2.2.1">Setting the
  812. initial contents of a frame</a></li>
  813. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.2.2.2">Visual rendering
  814. of a frame</a></li>
  815. </ul>
  816. </li>
  817. </ol>
  818. </li>
  819. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.3">Specifying target
  820. frame information</a>
  821. <ol>
  822. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.3.1">Setting the default
  823. target for links</a></li>
  824. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.3.2">Target
  825. semantics</a></li>
  826. </ol>
  827. </li>
  828. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.4">Alternate content</a>
  829. <ol>
  830. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.4.1">The <samp class=
  831. "einst2">NOFRAMES</samp> element</a></li>
  832. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.4.2">Long descriptions of
  833. frames</a></li>
  834. </ol>
  835. </li>
  836. <li><a class="tocxref" href="present/frames.html#h-16.5">Inline frames: the
  837. <samp class="einst2">IFRAME</samp> element</a></li>
  838. </ol>
  839. </li>
  840. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html" rel="chapter">Forms</a> <em>-
  841. User-input Forms: Text Fields, Buttons, Menus, and more</em>
  842. <ol>
  843. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.1">Introduction to
  844. forms</a></li>
  845. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.2">Controls</a>
  846. <ol>
  847. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.2.1">Control
  848. types</a></li>
  849. </ol>
  850. </li>
  851. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.3">The <samp class=
  852. "einst2">FORM</samp> element</a></li>
  853. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.4">The <samp class=
  854. "einst2">INPUT</samp> element</a>
  855. <ol>
  856. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.4.1">Control types
  857. created with INPUT</a></li>
  858. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.4.2">Examples of forms
  859. containing INPUT controls</a></li>
  860. </ol>
  861. </li>
  862. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.5">The <samp class=
  863. "einst2">BUTTON</samp> element</a></li>
  864. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.6">The <samp class=
  865. "einst2">SELECT</samp>, <samp class="einst2">OPTGROUP</samp>, and <samp class=
  866. "einst2">OPTION</samp> elements</a>
  867. <ol>
  868. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.6.1">Preselected
  869. options</a></li>
  870. </ol>
  871. </li>
  872. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.7">The <samp class=
  873. "einst2">TEXTAREA</samp> element</a></li>
  874. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.8">The <samp class=
  875. "einst2">ISINDEX</samp> element</a></li>
  876. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.9">Labels</a>
  877. <ol>
  878. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.9.1">The <samp class=
  879. "einst2">LABEL</samp> element</a></li>
  880. </ol>
  881. </li>
  882. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.10">Adding structure to
  883. forms: the <samp class="einst2">FIELDSET</samp> and <samp class="einst2">
  884. LEGEND</samp> elements</a></li>
  885. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.11"><span class=
  886. "index-def" title="focus|control::giving focus to">Giving focus to an
  887. element</span></a>
  888. <ol>
  889. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.11.1"><span class=
  890. "index-def" title=
  891. "control::tabbing navigation|tabbing navigation|form::navigating through controls">
  892. Tabbing navigation</span></a></li>
  893. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.11.2"><span class=
  894. "index-def" title=
  895. "access key|control::access key for|accessibility::access keys">Access
  896. keys</span></a></li>
  897. </ol>
  898. </li>
  899. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.12">Disabled and
  900. read-only controls</a>
  901. <ol>
  902. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.12.1">Disabled
  903. controls</a></li>
  904. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.12.2">Read-only
  905. controls</a></li>
  906. </ol>
  907. </li>
  908. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13">Form submission</a>
  909. <ol>
  910. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.1">Form submission
  911. method</a></li>
  912. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.2">Successful
  913. controls</a></li>
  914. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.3">Processing form
  915. data</a>
  916. <ul>
  917. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.3.1">Step one:
  918. Identify the successful controls</a></li>
  919. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.3.2">Step two: Build a
  920. form data set</a></li>
  921. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.3.3">Step three:
  922. Encode the form data set</a></li>
  923. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.3.4">Step four: Submit
  924. the encoded form data set</a></li>
  925. </ul>
  926. </li>
  927. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4">Form content
  928. types</a>
  929. <ul>
  930. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4.1"><span class=
  931. "index-def" title=
  932. "application/x-www-form-urlencoded|content type::application/x-www-form-urlencoded">
  933. application/x-www-form-urlencoded</span></a></li>
  934. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4.2"><span class=
  935. "index-def" title="multipart/form-data|content type::multipart/form-data">
  936. multipart/form-data</span></a></li>
  937. </ul>
  938. </li>
  939. </ol>
  940. </li>
  941. </ol>
  942. </li>
  943. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html" rel="chapter">Scripts</a>
  944. <em>- Animated Documents and Smart Forms</em>
  945. <ol>
  946. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.1">Introduction to
  947. scripts</a></li>
  948. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.2">Designing documents
  949. for user agents that support scripting</a>
  950. <ol>
  951. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.2.1">The <samp class=
  952. "einst2">SCRIPT</samp> element</a></li>
  953. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.2.2">Specifying the
  954. scripting language</a>
  955. <ul>
  956. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.2.2.1">The default
  957. scripting language</a></li>
  958. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.2.2.2">Local
  959. declaration of a scripting language</a></li>
  960. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.2.2.3">References to
  961. HTML elements from a script</a></li>
  962. </ul>
  963. </li>
  964. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.2.3">Intrinsic
  965. events</a></li>
  966. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.2.4">Dynamic
  967. modification of documents</a></li>
  968. </ol>
  969. </li>
  970. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.3">Designing documents
  971. for user agents that don't support scripting</a>
  972. <ol>
  973. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.3.1">The <samp class=
  974. "einst2">NOSCRIPT</samp> element</a></li>
  975. <li><a class="tocxref" href="interact/scripts.html#h-18.3.2">Hiding script data
  976. from user agents</a></li>
  977. </ol>
  978. </li>
  979. </ol>
  980. </li>
  981. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/intro.html" rel="chapter">SGML reference
  982. information for HTML</a> <em>- Formal definition of HTML and validation</em>
  983. <ol>
  984. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/intro.html#h-19.1">Document
  985. Validation</a></li>
  986. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/intro.html#h-19.2">Sample SGML
  987. catalog</a></li>
  988. </ol>
  989. </li>
  990. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/sgmldecl.html" rel="chapter"><span class=
  991. "index-def" title="SGML::declaration of HTML 4.01">SGML Declaration of HTML
  992. 4.01</span></a>
  993. <ol>
  994. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/sgmldecl.html#h-20.1">SGML
  995. Declaration</a></li>
  996. </ol>
  997. </li>
  998. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/dtd.html" rel="chapter"><span class=
  999. "index-def" title="strict DTD::definition of|document type definition::strict">
  1000. Document Type Definition</span></a></li>
  1001. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/loosedtd.html" rel="chapter"><span class=
  1002. "index-def" title=
  1003. "transitional DTD::definition of|document type definition::transitional">
  1004. Transitional Document Type Definition</span></a></li>
  1005. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/framesetdtd.html" rel="chapter"><span class=
  1006. "index-def" title=
  1007. "frameset::DTD, definition of|document type definition::frameset">Frameset
  1008. Document Type Definition</span></a></li>
  1009. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html" rel="chapter">Character entity
  1010. references in HTML 4.01</a>
  1011. <ol>
  1012. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html#h-24.1">Introduction to
  1013. character entity references</a></li>
  1014. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html#h-24.2">Character entity
  1015. references for ISO 8859-1 characters</a>
  1016. <ol>
  1017. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html#h-24.2.1">The list of
  1018. characters</a></li>
  1019. </ol>
  1020. </li>
  1021. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html#h-24.3">Character entity
  1022. references for symbols, mathematical symbols, and Greek letters</a>
  1023. <ol>
  1024. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html#h-24.3.1">The list of
  1025. characters</a></li>
  1026. </ol>
  1027. </li>
  1028. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html#h-24.4">Character entity
  1029. references for markup-significant and internationalization characters</a>
  1030. <ol>
  1031. <li><a class="tocxref" href="sgml/entities.html#h-24.4.1">The list of
  1032. characters</a></li>
  1033. </ol>
  1034. </li>
  1035. </ol>
  1036. </li>
  1037. </ol>
  1038. <ol type="A">
  1039. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html" rel="chapter">Changes</a>
  1040. <ol>
  1041. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1">Changes between 24
  1042. April 1998 HTML 4.0 and 24 August 1999 HTML 4.01 versions</a>
  1043. <ol>
  1044. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1">Changes to the
  1045. specification</a>
  1046. <ul>
  1047. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.1">General
  1048. changes</a></li>
  1049. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.2">On SGML and
  1050. HTML</a></li>
  1051. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.3">HTML Document
  1052. Representation</a></li>
  1053. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.4">Basic HTML data
  1054. types</a></li>
  1055. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.5">Global structure
  1056. of an HTML document</a></li>
  1057. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.6">Language
  1058. information and text direction</a></li>
  1059. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.7">Tables</a></li>
  1060. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.8">Links</a></li>
  1061. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.9">Objects, Images,
  1062. and Applets</a></li>
  1063. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.10">Style Sheets in
  1064. HTML Documents</a></li>
  1065. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.11">Frames</a></li>
  1066. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.12">Forms</a></li>
  1067. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.13">SGML
  1068. Declaration</a></li>
  1069. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.14">Strict
  1070. DTD</a></li>
  1071. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.15">Notes</a></li>
  1072. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.1.16">
  1073. References</a></li>
  1074. </ul>
  1075. </li>
  1076. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.2">Errors that were
  1077. corrected</a></li>
  1078. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.3">Minor typographical
  1079. errors that were corrected</a></li>
  1080. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.4">
  1081. Clarifications</a></li>
  1082. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.1.5">Known Browser
  1083. problems</a></li>
  1084. </ol>
  1085. </li>
  1086. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.2">Changes between 18
  1087. December 1997 and 24 April 1998 versions</a>
  1088. <ol>
  1089. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.2.1">Errors that were
  1090. corrected</a></li>
  1091. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.2.2">Minor typographical
  1092. errors that were corrected</a></li>
  1093. </ol>
  1094. </li>
  1095. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3">Changes between HTML
  1096. 3.2 and HTML 4.0 (18 December 1997)</a>
  1097. <ol>
  1098. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.1">Changes to
  1099. elements</a>
  1100. <ul>
  1101. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.1.1">New
  1102. elements</a></li>
  1103. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.1.2">Deprecated
  1104. elements</a></li>
  1105. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.1.3">Obsolete
  1106. elements</a></li>
  1107. </ul>
  1108. </li>
  1109. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.2">Changes to
  1110. attributes</a></li>
  1111. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.3">Changes for
  1112. accessibility</a></li>
  1113. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.4">Changes for meta
  1114. data</a></li>
  1115. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.5">Changes for
  1116. text</a></li>
  1117. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.6">Changes for
  1118. links</a></li>
  1119. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.7">Changes for
  1120. tables</a></li>
  1121. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.8">Changes for images,
  1122. objects, and image maps</a></li>
  1123. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.9">Changes for
  1124. forms</a></li>
  1125. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.10">Changes for style
  1126. sheets</a></li>
  1127. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.11">Changes for
  1128. frames</a></li>
  1129. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.12">Changes for
  1130. scripting</a></li>
  1131. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/changes.html#h-A.3.13">Changes for
  1132. internationalization</a></li>
  1133. </ol>
  1134. </li>
  1135. </ol>
  1136. </li>
  1137. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html" rel="chapter">Performance,
  1138. Implementation, and Design Notes</a>
  1139. <ol>
  1140. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.1">Notes on invalid
  1141. documents</a></li>
  1142. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.2">Special characters in
  1143. URI attribute values</a>
  1144. <ol>
  1145. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.2.1">Non-ASCII characters
  1146. in URI attribute values</a></li>
  1147. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.2.2">Ampersands in URI
  1148. attribute values</a></li>
  1149. </ol>
  1150. </li>
  1151. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3">SGML implementation
  1152. notes</a>
  1153. <ol>
  1154. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.1">Line breaks</a></li>
  1155. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.2">Specifying non-HTML
  1156. data</a>
  1157. <ul>
  1158. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.2.1">Element
  1159. content</a></li>
  1160. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.2.2">Attribute
  1161. values</a></li>
  1162. </ul>
  1163. </li>
  1164. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.3">SGML features with
  1165. limited support</a></li>
  1166. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.4">Boolean
  1167. attributes</a></li>
  1168. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.5">Marked
  1169. Sections</a></li>
  1170. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.6">Processing
  1171. Instructions</a></li>
  1172. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.3.7">Shorthand
  1173. markup</a></li>
  1174. </ol>
  1175. </li>
  1176. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.4">Notes on helping search
  1177. engines index your Web site</a>
  1178. <ol>
  1179. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.4.1">Search robots</a>
  1180. <ul>
  1181. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.4.1.1">The robots.txt
  1182. file</a></li>
  1183. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.4.1.2">Robots and the META
  1184. element</a></li>
  1185. </ul>
  1186. </li>
  1187. </ol>
  1188. </li>
  1189. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5">Notes on tables</a>
  1190. <ol>
  1191. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.1">Design rationale</a>
  1192. <ul>
  1193. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.1.1">Dynamic
  1194. reformatting</a></li>
  1195. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.1.2">Incremental
  1196. display</a></li>
  1197. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.1.3">Structure and
  1198. presentation</a></li>
  1199. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.1.4">Row and column
  1200. groups</a></li>
  1201. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.1.5">
  1202. Accessibility</a></li>
  1203. </ul>
  1204. </li>
  1205. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.2">Recommended Layout
  1206. Algorithms</a>
  1207. <ul>
  1208. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.2.1">Fixed Layout
  1209. Algorithm</a></li>
  1210. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.5.2.2">Autolayout
  1211. Algorithm</a></li>
  1212. </ul>
  1213. </li>
  1214. </ol>
  1215. </li>
  1216. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.6">Notes on forms</a>
  1217. <ol>
  1218. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.6.1">Incremental
  1219. display</a></li>
  1220. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.6.2">Future
  1221. projects</a></li>
  1222. </ol>
  1223. </li>
  1224. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.7">Notes on scripting</a>
  1225. <ol>
  1226. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.7.1">Reserved syntax for
  1227. future script macros</a>
  1228. <ul>
  1229. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.7.1.1">Current Practice
  1230. for Script Macros</a></li>
  1231. </ul>
  1232. </li>
  1233. </ol>
  1234. </li>
  1235. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.8">Notes on
  1236. frames</a></li>
  1237. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.9">Notes on
  1238. accessibility</a></li>
  1239. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.10">Notes on security</a>
  1240. <ol>
  1241. <li><a class="tocxref" href="appendix/notes.html#h-B.10.1">Security issues for
  1242. forms</a></li>
  1243. </ol>
  1244. </li>
  1245. </ol>
  1246. </li>
  1247. </ol>
  1248. <ul class="toc">
  1249. <li><a class="tocxref" href="references.html" rel="chapter">References</a>
  1250. <ol>
  1251. <li><a class="tocxref" href="references.html#h-1.1">Normative
  1252. references</a></li>
  1253. <li><a class="tocxref" href="references.html#h-1.2">Informative
  1254. references</a></li>
  1255. </ol>
  1256. </li>
  1257. <li><a class="tocxref" href="index/elements.html" rel="chapter">Index of
  1258. Elements</a></li>
  1259. <li><a class="tocxref" href="index/attributes.html" rel="chapter">Index of
  1260. Attributes</a></li>
  1261. <li><a class="tocxref" href="index/list.html" rel="chapter">Index</a></li>
  1262. </ul>
  1263. <div class="navbar" align="center">
  1264. <hr>
  1265. <a href="about.html">next</a> &nbsp; <a href="#minitoc">table of contents</a>
  1266. &nbsp; <a href="index/elements.html">elements</a> &nbsp; <a href=
  1267. "index/attributes.html">attributes</a> &nbsp; <a href="index/list.html">
  1268. index</a></div>
  1269. </body>
  1270. </html>

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